Cylinder for internal combustion engines



April 18, 1933. w. HEFTI 1,904,459

CYLINDER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed July 15 1930 ,ATFEI RN Eh.

Patented Apr. 18, 1933 UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE WILHELM HEFTI, OF WINTEBTHUBI, SWITZERLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM F SULZER FRERES SOCIETE ANONYME, OF WINTER/THUR, SWITZERLAND CYLINDER FQR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Application filed July 15, 1930, Serial No. 468,056, and in Switzerland August m, 1929; i

This invention relates to cylinders for internal combustion engines of the kind having a liner within which the piston isadapted to fins or guides whereby cooling medium flowing between the liner and the intermediate member is caused to follow a relatively long path around those parts of the liner adjacent to the combustion chamber, efficient cooling of these parts which are exposed to relatively high temperatures being thus ensured. Preferably the liner is similarly provided with fins or guides which correspond to and cooperate with the fins on the intermediate member so that a helical conduit for cooling medium is formed between the intermediate annular member and the liner. A separate cover may be arranged over the combustion chamber so as to leave between the cylinder head and the cover a space through which cooling medium can circulate, the outer surface of the cover being, if desired, provided with guide fins which may be arranged helically or spirally or partly helically and partly spirally so as to cause the medium to circulate around the cover.

One construction of a cylinder according to this invention is illustrated somewhat diagrammatically and by way of example in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of the upper part of the cylinder on the line II of Figure 2.

Figure 2 is a plan with parts removed.

Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional detail of the liner and cover, and

Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional detail of a modified liner and cover.

In the construction illustrated a cylinder 1 having a liner 2 inserted within it and a cylinder head 3, is. mounted'on a support, part of which is indicated atl, a piston 5 being adapted to reciprocate within the liner 2.

' The cylinder head 3is secured to the cylinder 1 by means of bolts 6, and the liner 2can be independently drawn towards'the cylinder head-by bolts 8, threadedto engage an intermediate annular member 7 recessed'at 31 to engage a flangeBO on the liner. The

cooperate withribs'28 on the liner, the ribs I in each case having cylindrical outer sur' faces 29 so thatthe liner can be firmly inserted and centered within the intermediate member 7. *Arrangedbetween the liner 2 and the cylinder head 3" is a combustion chamber cover having an annular'projection 9 which cooperates with a groove in the liner toform a joint therewith, an-annular projection 21 on the cylinder head?) 00-.

operating in a similar manner With the cover10. 1 I f Thus, when'bolts 19 are tightened the cover lO'is drawn upwards'and'a tight oint made between the cover and the rojection 21, and similarly, when the bolts 8 are-tightened the intermediate member 'Zrdraws the-liner2 or if thelatter is subdivided, apart thereof in theupward direction so as to effect a tight joint'between the annular projection 9'Qand the linerv 2. The cover 10 has a series of ribs 11 which serve to transmit'forces between the cover and the cylinder head and also'act as guide vanes for the cooling medium, such for example as water, flowing between the cover and the cylinder head.

The cooling water is introduced at the bottom of the cylinder into a chamber 12 formed between the cylinder and the liner and thence passes upwards traversing the helical conduit 34 formed by the cooperating ribs 27, 28. The cooling waterafter. following this relatively long path round the hottest part of the combustion chamber, passesthrough conduits 13, '14 and into spaces between the guide'vanes 11- and thence by an annular recess 20 in theicover 10 through passages 16 to A valve casing 18 carrying a starting valve 22 and a fuel valve 23 is inserted into the cylindrical part of the cover 10 andis secured in position by the bolts 19. Air for the combustion of the fuel is supplied through a port 24 and the exhaust gases pass out through a port 25.

If desired the ribs 11 of the combustion chamber cover can be arranged spirally on the lower or conical part and helically on the upper or cylindrical part of the cover so that the cooling medium entering from the conduit 15 will be caused to circulate round the combustion chamber cover before passing through the passage 16.

It will be seen thatin a cylinder construct- .ed in accordance with. the present invention not only are stresses due to heat and to the operation of the engine reduced to' a minimum, but uniform and eflicient cooling of the parts adjacent to the combustion chamber is ensured. Further, the improved cylinder has the advantages that it is capable of being readily dismantled and the parts removed for purposes of examination, repair or replacement. It will be understood that the invention is equally applicable to cylinders having a liner formed in two or more superimposed parts, or sections, which may be axially movable relatively to eachother, in which case the intermediate member may, forexample, be arranged to engage the uppermostliner or section.

- I claim:

- 1. A cylinder for internal combustion en-- gines with inserted liner, comprising in com bination-a cylinder head, means for securing said head. to sald cyllnder, separate means for securing the headfto the liner, an inter mediate member engaging the liner, means for drawing the linertowards the cylinder head independently of said cylinder and helically arrangedfins on said intermediate 'member adapted to cause a cooling medium to follow a relatively long path through the parts adjacent to the combustion chamber.

v2. A cylinder forinternal combustion engines with inserted liner, comprising in combination a cylinder head, means for securing said head to said cylinder, separate means for securing the head to the liner, an intermediate member engaging one section of the liner, means for drawing the section of the liner towards the cylinder head independently of said cylinder, and helically arranged fins on said intermediate member adapted to cause a coolingmedium to follow a relatively long path through the parts adjacent to the combustionchamber.

3. A cylinder for internal combustion engines with inserted liner,-comprising in c'ombination a cylinder head, means for securing said head to said cylinder, separate means for securing the head'to the liner, an intermediate member engaging the liner, helically arranged fins on said intermediate member and corresponding fins of helical shape provided on the said liner, adapted to cause a coolingmedium to follow a relatively long path round the parts adjacent to the combustion chamber.

4. A cylinder for internal combustion engines with inserted liner, comprising in combination a cylinder head, means for securing said head to said cylinder, separate means for securing the head to the liner, a separate cover arranged over the combustion chamber leaving a space for water-circulation between itand the head, and helical fins provided on the outer surface of the said cove r said space for directing the cooling medium at a high rate of speed in a helical path.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature.

WILHELM HEFTI. 

